2022 Impact Factor
2022 Impact Factor
Representative pictures of achalasia subtypes and esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO) at high resolution manometry. In all conditions, the common manometric feature is the impaired relaxation of the esophago-gastric junction, as evaluated by a raised IRP. However, in achalasia peristalsis is never intact and it can be either absent (type I), with pan-esophageal pressurizations in at least 20% of wet swallows (type II) or with spastic/premature contractions (type III) in at least 20% of wet swallows (distal latency < 4.5 seconds), while EGJOO patients show normal/intact peristalsis.
The flow chart of patients enrolled in the study.
Bar chart depicting prevalence of dysautonomic comorbidities among the various multiple sclerosis (MS) cohorts. DES, diffuse esophageal spasm. *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.0001.
Proportions of the 10 major immune cell types among samples from controls and patients. (A) Fraction of leukocyte type content as inferred by Cell-type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT) between 21 patients and 14 controls. (B) Comparison of leukocyte cell subpopulations among controls and patients. NK cells, natural killer cells.
Effect of berberine and rifaximin on microglial activation in spinal cords. (A) Representative images of Iba-1-stained microglia in the dorsal lumbar spinal cord. (B) Number of Iba-1-positive cells in the dorsal lumbar spinal cord. (C-G) Morphological parameters of microglia. GH, germ-free (GF) rats receiving fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from healthy control; GI, GF rats receiving FMT from irritable bowel syndrome patients; GIBBR, GI rats receiving berberine treatment; GIR, GI rats receiving rifaximin treatment. n = 4/group. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01.
J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2023; 29(4): 405~531 
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