2022 Impact Factor
2022 Impact Factor
Diagnostic approach of functional constipation. (A) Diagnostic algorithm in specialized centers where anorectal manometry (ARM) can be available. (B) A possible diagnostic algorithm in medical institutions where ARM cannot be available. *Defecography could be performed concurrently with ARM when it is feasible or when structural abnormalities of the pelvic floor are clinically suspected. **Consider chronic constipation due to other causes such as drug, underlying disease, or IBS-C, etc. ***Apply the diagnostic algorithm in Figure 3A. BET, balloon expulsion test; CTT, colon transit time; STC, slow transit constipation; RSCTT, rectosigmoid CTT; FDD, functional defecation disorder; MDT, multidisciplinary team.
The proportion of esophageal motility disorder diagnosis; (A) Chicago classification version 3.0 (CC v3.0) and (B) Chicago classification version 4.0 (CC v4.0). EGJOO, esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction; IEM, ineffective esophageal motility; WNL, within normal limit.
We classified reflux events according to the temporal association between reflux episodes and supragastric belches (SGBs) into (1) reflux episodes preceded by SGBs: SGBs occurred immediately (1 second) before reflux onset (A), (2) reflux episodes followed by SGBs: SGBs occurred within 10 seconds after a reflux onset (B), and (3) lone reflux: reflux episodes without SGBs occurred during 1 second before and 10 seconds after reflux onset (C).
Histogram of baseline age (A) and changes in body mass index (BMI) before and after
Expression of channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) in mouse colon. (A) TdTomato-positive cells were detected in the colonic muscularis in Kit-ChR2(+) mouse colon (scale bars = 400 μm). (B) No tdTomato-positive cell was observed in Kit-ChR2(–) mouse colon (scale bars = 200 μm). (C-E) ChR2 was expressed in Kit-positive cells. Red represents tdTomato and green represents Kit (scale bars = 50 μm).
J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2023; 29(3): 267~404 
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