Protein Levels of Cytokines
| Mean ± SD (pg/mL) | Median | Variance | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Homeostatic and regulatory cytokines | ||||
| 6CKINE/CCL21 | ERD AB | 148.0 ± 152.2 | 77.0 |
23 174.1 |
| ERD CD | 74.0 ± 111.0 | 29.9 | 12 317.4 | |
| NERD | 91.6 |
86.9 | 5165.3 | |
| RH | 96.1 ± 95.1 | 44.7 |
9042.6 | |
| FH | 124.9 |
96.6 | 13 206.2 | |
| HC | 48.9 ± 67.7 | 22.4 | 4588.6 | |
| GMCSF | ERD AB | 40.4 ± 41.1 | 23.3 |
1692.4 |
| ERD CD | 51.5 ± 100.6 | 13.8 | 10 119.3 | |
| NERD | 13.0 ± 10.5 | 10.2 | 110.0 | |
| RH | 35.1 ± 44.7 | 15.1 |
2001.8 | |
| FH | 27.6 ± 20.0 | 27.1 |
398.0 | |
| HC | 13.0 ± 8.6 | 11.1 | 74.0 | |
| IL-6 | ERD AB | 3.3 |
2.3 | 17.2 |
| ERD CD | 3.3 |
2.7 | 3.4 | |
| NERD | 2.2 ± 1.9 | 2.0 | 3.4 | |
| RH | 2.4 |
2.0 | 2.0 | |
| FH | 2.8 ± 1.5 | 2.6 |
2.3 | |
| HC | 1.6 ± 0.7 | 1.6 | 0.5 | |
| MIP3-b/CCL19 | ERD AB | 52.7 ± 50.1 | 39.8 | 2508.9 |
| ERD CD | 60.4 ± 89.4 | 25.8 | 7988.2 | |
| NERD | 27.5 ± 26.4 | 20.6 | 696.6 | |
| RH | 47.7 ± 34.8 | 35.8 | 1211.9 | |
| FH | 57.5 ± 42.3 | 54.6 |
1787.4 | |
| HC | 31.8 ± 23.3 | 23.4 | 544.5 | |
| SCYB16/CXCL16 | ERD AB | 16.8 ± 15.3 | 10.5 | 233.3 |
| ERD CD | 8.3 |
4.8 | 86.3 | |
| NERD | 11.7 ± 12.7 | 7.3 | 161.4 | |
| RH | 14.5 ± 12.4 | 8.4 | 153.5 | |
| FH | 15.9 ± 11.3 | 14.0 | 127.5 | |
| HC | 13.9 ± 7.7 | 12.2 | 59.8 | |
| SDF1-a+b/CXCL12 | ERD AB | 85.3 ± 91.9 | 53.0 |
8441.1 |
| ERD CD | 89.8 ± 159.4 | 42.8 | 25 397.2 | |
| NERD | 41.9 ± 27.6 | 34.0 | 759.3 | |
| RH | 115.5 ± 94.8 | 84.1 |
8982.9 | |
| FH | 70.2 ± 59.2 | 51.2 | 3501.7 | |
| HC | 40.4 ± 20.2 | 33.8 | 408.6 | |
| Proinflammatory and inflammatory cytokines | ||||
| GRO-a/CXCL1 | ERD AB | 13.2 ± 17.5 | 4.1 | 307.9 |
| ERD CD | 36.2 ± 52.1 | 11.5 |
2715.5 | |
| NERD | 24.7 ± 44.3 | 3.5 | 1962.9 | |
| RH | 16.8 ± 7 | 16.8 | 49.3 | |
| FH | 7.1 ± 3.3 | 6.1 | 11.0 | |
| HC | 3.9 ± 3.1 | 2.4 | 9.5 | |
| MCP1/CCL2 | ERD AB | 21.3 ± 18.9 | 18.5 |
358.3 |
| ERD CD | 16.5 ± 12.4 | 12.6 | 154.1 | |
| NERD | 13.6 ± 9.5 | 10.3 | 90.3 | |
| RH | 17.3 ± 12.7 | 11.5 | 162.6 | |
| FH | 23.1 ± 24.5 | 15.2 | 599.9 | |
| HC | 13.0 ± 20.9 | 7.7 | 437.9 | |
| MIP1d/CCL15 | ERD AB | 8.5 ± 6.9 | 5.4 | 47.8 |
| ERD CD | 9.4 ± 10.0 | 4.3 | 100.0 | |
| NERD | 4.4 |
2.9 | 12.5 | |
| RH | 6.4 ± 5.2 | 4.7 | 26.6 | |
| FH | 5.0 ± 3.4 | 2.9 | 11.6 | |
| HC | 7.4 ± 5.3 | 6.8 | 28.4 | |
| IL-1B | ERD AB | 6.3 ± 3.9 | 5.1 | 15.4 |
| ERD CD | 8.6 |
5.7 | 49.0 | |
| NERD | 5.5 ± 3.0 | 4.7 | 9.0 | |
| RH | 6.7 ± 3.1 | 6.3 | 9.5 | |
| FH | 6.9 ± 5.7 | 5.1 | 32.5 | |
| HC | 5.6 ± 2.5 | 5.1 | 6.1 | |
| IL-2 | ERD AB | 2.0 ± 1.8 | 1.5 | 3.4 |
| ERD CD | 1.7 ± 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.9 | |
| NERD | 2.0 ± 1.1 | 2.0 | 1.2 | |
| RH | 1.8 ± 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.6 | |
| FH | 3.2 |
3.4 | 3.2 | |
| HC | 1.8 ± 0.9 | 1.7 | 0.8 | |
| IL-8 | ERD AB | 35.6 ± 48.8 | 20.7 |
2382.2 |
| ERD CD | 60.0 ± 114.8 | 11.6 |
13 187.1 | |
| NERD | 43.2 ± 113.7 | 5.2 | 12 926.6 | |
| RH | 26.2 ± 35.4 | 9.2 | 1252.4 | |
| FH | 10.6 ± 14.0 | 3.3 | 196.5 | |
| HC | 7.5 ± 16.9 | 3.0 | 286.6 | |
| MPIF1/ CCL23 | ERD AB | 15.7 ± 15 | 9.3 | 224.3 |
| ERD CD | 9.4 ± 8.3 | 9.3 | 69.4 | |
| NERD | 8.5 ± 6.2 | 7.9 | 38.9 | |
| RH | 17.9 ± 24.4 | 11.3 |
595.1 | |
| FH | 21.4 ± 26.1 | 14.6 |
682.5 | |
| HC | 7.8 ± 4.9 | 7.7 | 24.1 | |
| Anti-inflammatory cytokines | ||||
| IL-4 | ERD AB | 1.8 ± 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.9 |
| ERD CD | 2.5 ± 1.6 | 2.5 | 2.5 | |
| NERD | 1.6 ± 0.9 | 1.5 | 0.9 | |
| RH | 3.0 |
2.6 | 4.6 | |
| FH | 3.0 ± 1.7 | 2.7 |
2.7 | |
| HC | 1.8 ± 0.7 | 1.8 | 0.5 | |
| MCP3/ CCL7 | ERD AB | 12.2 ± 8.0 | 8.8 | 64.5 |
| ERD CD | 15.1 ± 6.7 | 15.2 | 44.9 | |
| NERD | 11.4 ± 5.1 | 12.0 | 26.2 | |
| RH | 18.7 |
15.2 | 48.7 | |
| FH | 18.1 ± 10.5 | 18.3 | 109.3 | |
| HC | 13.5 ± 6.4 | 12.0 | 41.5 | |
| MCP4/ CCL13 | ERD AB | 5.0 ± 2.5 | 5.5 | 6.2 |
| ERD CD | 8.6 ± 8.5 | 4.9 | 71.7 | |
| NERD | 4.4 ± 2.8 | 4.6 | 7.9 | |
| RH | 5.2 ± 3.9 | 4.3 | 15.6 | |
| FH | 9.0 ± 6.8 | 5.7 |
46.3 | |
| HC | 4.2 ± 2.4 | 3.5 | 5.7 | |
| TARC/ CCL17 | ERD AB | 0.6 ± 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.3 |
| ERD CD | 0.7 |
0.7 | 0.3 | |
| NERD | 0.5 ± 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.1 | |
| RH | 0.5 ± 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.1 | |
| FH | 0.6 |
0.6 | 0.1 | |
| HC | 0.4 ± 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.1 | |
aP < 0.05, bP < 0.01, cP < 0.001.
6CKINE/CCL21, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 21; GMCSF, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; GRO-a/CXCL1, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1, Growth-regulated alpha protein; IL-1B, interleukin 1 beta; MCP1/CCL2, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; MCP3/CCL7, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 7, monocyte-chemotactic protein 3; MCP4/CCL13, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 13, monocyte-chemotactic protein 4; MIP1d/CCL15, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 15, macrophage inflammatory protein 1d; MIP3-b/CCL19, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 1, macrophage inflammatory protein 3b; MPIF1/CCL23, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 23, myeloid progenitor inhibitory factor 1; SCYB16/CXCL16, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 16, small-inducible cytokine B16; SDF1-a+b/CXCL12, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12, the stromal cell-derived factor 1 a+b; TARC/CCL17, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 17, thymus and activation-regulated chemokine; ERD, erosive reflux disease; NERD, nonerosive reflux disease; RH, reflux hypersensitivity; FH, functional heartburn; HC, healthy controls.
Mean ± SD values are given for parametrically significant proteins; median and variance values are given for nonparametrically significant proteins. All comparisons were performed versus healthy controls. Mean ± SD values are given for Student’s t test; median and variance values are given for Mann–Whitney U test.