Characteristics of Patients With Esophageal Diverticulum (n = 63) in Achalasia-related Esophageal Motility Disorders (n = 3682)
| Variables | Cases of esophageal diverticulum (n = 63) | Controls (n = 3619) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Age at onset (yr) | 59 (40, 66.5) | 40 (28, 56.0) | < 0.001 |
| Age at onset < 40 yr | 15 (23.8%) | 1756 (48.5%) | < 0.001 |
| Duration of symptoms (mo) | 105.5 (66.8, 191.5) | 64.5 (20.8, 186.0) | 0.219 |
| Duration of symptoms ≥ 10 yr | 24 (38.1%) | 1141 (31.5%) | 0.330 |
| Age at diagnosis (yr) | 70 (56.5, 75.0) | 50 (38.0, 66.0) | < 0.001 |
| Age at diagnosis ≥ 65 yr | 39 (61.9%) | 995 (27.5%) | < 0.001 |
| Sex (men) | 40 (63.5%) | 1818 (50.2%) | 0.050 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 20.8 (18.1, 23.6) | 20.9 (18.7, 23.6) | 0.933 |
| Body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2 | 14 (22.2%) | 580 (16.0%) | 0.250 |
| Eckardt score | 5 (3.8, 6.3) | 6 (4.0, 8.0) | 0.004 |
| Eckardt score ≥ 7 | 15 (25.0%) | 1374 (39.3%) | 0.034 |
| Type I achalasia on HRM |
12 (35.3%) | 1529 (55.8%) | 0.026 |
| IRP on HRM | 23.8 (15.5, 34.9) | 27.1 (17.9, 38.0) | 0.100 |
| IRP ≥ 26 mmHg on HRM | 26 (44.8%) | 1613 (54.1%) | 0.202 |
| Sigmoid-type achalasia |
13 (20.6%) | 871 (24.1%) | 0.629 |
| Grade of esophageal dilation ≥ II | 18 (29.0%) | 2112 (58.4%) | < 0.001 |
aControls were defined as patients without esophageal diverticulum on esophagography.
bType I achalasia was analyzed in patients with type I, type II, and type III achalasia on high-resolution manometry (HRM).
cSigmoid-type achalasia includes advanced sigmoid-type achalasia.
IRP, integrated relaxation pressure.
Number of missing values: 2 for body mass index and 128 for Eckardt score.
The esophagography findings of 2 patients were excluded due to inadequate measurement of esophageal dilation.