Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility

Table. 3. Table 3

Likelihood of Participants With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Being Constipated

Constipation status	Broad-sense GERD1			Broad-sense GERD2			Narrow-sense GERD
Constipation status	OR [95% CI]	χ²	P-value	OR [95% CI]	χ²	P-value	OR [95% CI]	χ²	P-value
Functional constipation^a	1.68 [1.38, 2.04]	27.02	< 0.001	1.83 [1.41, 2.37]	21.30	< 0.001	1.56 [1.21, 2.01]	12.06	0.001
Chronic constipation^b	2.67 [2.44, 2.92]	473.57	< 0.001	2.57 [2.26, 2.94]	206.81	< 0.001	2.38 [2.11, 2.69]	205.06	< 0.001
Awareness of constipation	2.05 [1.86, 2.25]	219.89	< 0.001	2.25 [1.97, 2.57]	146.36	< 0.001	2.03 [1.80, 2.31]	127.55	< 0.001

^aAccording to Rome IV diagnostic criteria.

^bAccording to Japanese guidelines.

GERD, gastroesophageal reflux disease.

All results have a degree of freedom of 1. ORs are for the presence of constipation in participants with GERD compared with those without GERD.

J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2022;28:291~302 https://doi.org/10.5056/jnm21065